数字乡村建设何以促进县域产业结构升级？——基于国家数字乡村试点的准自然实验

How Does Digital Village Construction Promote County-level Industrial Structure Upgrading——Evidence From A Quasi Natural Experiment of the National Digital Village Pilot Program

中文关键词:  数字乡村  县域  产业结构升级  双重差分模型

英文关键词:digital village  county-level region  industrial structure upgrading  Difference-in-Differences Model

中文摘要:

      县域是连接城市与乡村的重要空间单元,推动县域产业结构升级对于促进乡村振兴和实现县域高质量发展具有重要意义。以国家数字乡村试点政策为准自然实验,基于2014-2023年全国县域面板数据,运用双重差分模型考察数字乡村建设对县域产业结构升级的影响机制。结果显示,数字乡村建设显著促进县域产业结构升级,并且在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析表明,数字乡村建设不仅能通过政府端财政激励实现产业结构升级,亦可通过市场端技术创新、第三产业创业活跃度赋能产业结构升级,还可通过居民端消费需求释放倒逼产业结构升级。异质性分析表明,数字乡村建设的产业升级效应在人口红利较为充裕、城乡收入差距较大以及中东部地区县域更为显著。进一步分析发现,数字乡村建设对邻近县域产业结构具有负向空间溢出效应。据此,应在稳妥扩大数字乡村试点范围的基础上,强化财政激励、技术创新、创业培育和消费释放等多元机制,结合县域差异推进分类施策与区域协同。

英文摘要:

      Counties are important spatial units that connect urban and rural areas,and upgrading the county-level industrial structure is of great significance for advancing rural revitalization and promoting high-quality county development.Taking the National Digital Village Pilot Program as a quasi-natural experiment,this study uses county-level panel data from China from 2014 to 2023 and applies Difference-in-Differences Model to examine the impact and mechanisms of digital village construction on county-level industrial structure upgrading.The results show that digital village construction significantly promotes the upgrading of county-level industrial structure,and this finding remains robust after a series of robustness checks.Mechanism analysis suggests that digital village construction facilitates industrial structure upgrading not only through fiscal incentives on the government side,but also through technological innovation and entrepreneurial activity in the tertiary sector on the market side,as well as the release of consumption demand on the resident side.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the upgrading effect of digital village construction is more pronounced in counties with a more abundant demographic dividend,a larger urban-rural income gap,and locations in central and eastern China.Further analysis reveals that digital village construction exerts a negative spatial spillover effect on the industrial structure of neighboring counties.Accordingly,the scope of digital village pilots should be prudently expanded, while multiple mechanisms,including fiscal incentives,technological innovation,entrepreneurship cultivation,and consumption demand release,should be strengthened.In addition,differentiated policies and regional coordination should be promoted in accordance with county-level conditions.